Germany Residence for EU Long-Term Residents
Germany
Residency
At a glance
Germany can issue a residence permit to someone who already holds EU long-term resident status in another EU member state and wants to stay in Germany for more than 90 days. The German purpose can be work, self-employment, study, or another qualifying stay, with the relevant German rules applied to that purpose.
- Type
- EU long-term resident mobility
- Who it covers
- Non-EU citizens with EU long-term resident status elsewhere
- Core requirements
- EU long-term resident status, a qualifying purpose in Germany, adequate support, and documents
- What to know
- German purpose-specific rules still apply
- Initial stay
- Purpose-specific
- Time to permanent residence
- Germany-specific after move
Summary
Germany can grant a residence permit to a non-EU citizen who already holds the formal status of an EU long-term resident in another participating EU member state and wants to live in Germany for more than 90 days.
The important question is the exact status shown on the other country's residence card. It normally must say the equivalent of “permanent residence EU” or “permanent residence EC” in that country's official language and must have been issued under EU Directive 2003/109/EC. An ordinary national permanent-residence permit is normally not enough.
This route makes it easier to move to Germany, but Germany still issues its own residence permit and applies German rules to the intended purpose, such as employment, self-employment, study, or vocational training.
Eligibility
You generally need:
- Citizenship outside the EU, EEA, and Switzerland. EU citizens ordinarily use free movement instead.
- EU long-term resident status granted by another member state under Directive 2003/109/EC.
- A planned stay in Germany of more than 90 days.
- A clear purpose in Germany, such as employment, self-employment, study, training, or another lawful purpose.
- Enough resources to support yourself and suitable health insurance.
- The German documents required for that purpose, such as an employment contract, university enrollment, or a viable self-employment plan.
Denmark and Ireland do not participate in this part of the Directive, so residence documents issued by those countries do not support this route. A residence document issued by the United Kingdom also does not qualify. If the card does not carry the EU/EC long-term-resident wording, ask the issuing authority whether it can provide formal confirmation of the Directive status; German authorities accept other confirmation only in limited cases.
Employment may require approval from the Federal Employment Agency. Self-employment must meet Section 21 of the Residence Act, and study or training remains subject to the applicable German education rules.
What This Route Allows
If the conditions are met, Germany grants a German residence permit for a stay longer than 90 days. Its practical rights reflect the main purpose of the stay:
- Employment can be authorized, sometimes with Federal Employment Agency approval and an initial restriction to a particular job.
- Self-employment can be authorized if the German self-employment conditions are met.
- Study or vocational training can be authorized under the corresponding German rules.
Section 38a limits employment-related restrictions under the relevant Employment Regulation to the first 12 months after employment is first permitted. Check the wording printed on the German permit before changing employers or activities.
What This Route Is Not
- It is not EU free movement and does not let a non-EU citizen move to Germany without a German residence process.
- It is not based on every permanent-residence card issued by an EU country.
- It does not automatically transfer permanent status from the first country to Germany.
- It does not bypass German approval, qualification, study, or self-employment requirements.
- It is not the route for short stays of 90 days or less.
Next Steps
- Check the exact wording and legal basis on the residence card issued by the first EU country.
- Confirm that the issuing state participates in Directive 2003/109/EC and, if the wording is unclear, request written confirmation of the status.
- Decide the main German purpose and collect the documents required for it.
- Prepare proof of income or other support, housing where required, and health insurance.
- Check the entry-visa and application procedure with the German mission and the foreigners authority responsible for the intended German residence.
- If working, confirm whether Federal Employment Agency approval or an employer-specific restriction applies.
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