Pathways

Switzerland Swiss Skilled Work Permit This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Switzerland. It generally requires the… residency Norway Norway Self-Employed Skilled Worker This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Norway. It generally requires a credible… residency Norway Norway Skilled Worker This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Norway. It generally requires the role… residency Hong Kong Hong Kong QMAS Hong Kong's Quality Migrant Admission Scheme is a talent route for highly skilled or talented people who want to settle in Hong Kong without first securing… residency Denmark Denmark Pay Limit Denmark's Pay Limit route is for people offered a high-enough salary by a Danish employer. It generally requires a qualifying employment contract,… residency Denmark Denmark Positive List This is a Danish work-residence route for people offered jobs in occupations Denmark lists as short of qualified workers. It generally requires a… residency Denmark Start-up Denmark This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Denmark. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… residency Sweden Sweden Self-Employed This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Sweden. It generally requires a credible… residency Sweden Sweden Work Permit This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Sweden. It generally requires the role… residency Germany Germany Chancenkarte Germany's Opportunity Card is a job-search residence route for skilled workers who do not yet have a German job offer. It generally requires either full… residency Germany Germany EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Germany. It generally requires higher education or… residency Germany Germany Freelancer Visa This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Germany. It generally requires a… residency Germany Germany Recognition Partnership Germany's recognition partnership route is for people with a foreign degree or vocational qualification and a German employer willing to support… residency Ireland Ireland CSEP This is a skilled-work residence pathway for people whose occupation is on a priority or shortage list in Ireland. It generally requires a qualifying job… residency Ireland Ireland GEP Ireland's General Employment Permit is for people with an Irish job offer that is not covered by a more specialized permit route. It generally requires an… residency Ireland Ireland STEP This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Ireland. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… residency Singapore Singapore Employment Pass This is a Singapore work-residence route for foreign professionals sponsored by an employer. It generally requires a qualifying job, acceptable salary, and… residency Singapore Singapore EntrePass Singapore's EntrePass is for founders of innovative, venture-oriented businesses that Singapore wants to attract. It generally requires a qualifying… residency Singapore Singapore ONE Pass Singapore's ONE Pass is for top-tier professionals and high earners who want flexible work rights in Singapore. It generally requires a very high fixed… residency Singapore Singapore S Pass Singapore's S Pass is for mid-skilled employees sponsored by a Singapore employer. It generally requires a qualifying job, sector-specific salary rules,… residency Australia Australia Employer Nomination Australia's Employer Nomination Scheme is a permanent residence route for workers nominated by an Australian employer. It generally requires a qualifying… residency Australia Australia National Innovation Visa This residence pathway is for high-achieving or specialized applicants whose work fits Australia's priority talent categories. It generally requires strong… residency Australia Australia Regional Employer Sponsored 494 Australia's Subclass 494 is a provisional employer-sponsored route for skilled workers nominated by an employer in designated regional Australia. It… residency Australia Australia Skilled Independent Australia's Skilled Independent visa is a points-tested permanent residence route for skilled workers who do not need employer or state sponsorship. It… residency Australia Australia Skilled Nominated Australia's Skilled Nominated visa is a points-tested permanent residence route for skilled workers nominated by a state or territory. It generally… residency Australia Australia Skilled Regional Australia's Skilled Work Regional visa is a provisional points-tested route for skilled workers sponsored by a state, territory, or eligible family member… residency Australia Australia Skills in Demand Australia's Skills in Demand visa is for people sponsored by an Australian employer for a qualifying role. It generally requires employer sponsorship, a… residency Netherlands Netherlands DAFT The Dutch-American Friendship Treaty route is for U.S. entrepreneurs and self-employed applicants who want to run a business in the Netherlands. It… residency Netherlands Netherlands EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in the Netherlands. It generally requires higher… residency Netherlands Netherlands Highly Skilled Migrant This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in the Netherlands. It generally requires… residency Netherlands Netherlands Startup Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in the Netherlands. It generally requires an eligible business idea,… residency Finland Finland Specialist This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Finland. It generally requires the role… residency Finland Finland Startup Permit This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Finland. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… residency Belgium Belgium EU Blue Card Belgium's EU Blue Card is for highly qualified non-EU workers with a qualifying Belgian job offer. It generally requires higher professional… residency Belgium Belgium Professional Card Belgium's professional card route is for non-EU nationals who want to run a self-employed activity in Belgium. It generally requires a credible business or… residency Belgium Belgium Researcher Belgium's researcher route is for non-EU researchers with a hosting agreement from an approved Belgian research organization. It generally requires an… residency Belgium Belgium Single Permit Belgium's Single Permit is the main residence-and-work route for non-EU employees who will work in Belgium for more than 90 days. It generally requires a… residency United Kingdom UK Global Business Mobility UK Global Business Mobility visas are temporary work routes for people being assigned to the UK by an overseas employer or contract relationship. They can… residency United Kingdom UK Global Talent The UK Global Talent visa is for leaders or potential leaders in academia or research, arts and culture, or digital technology. It generally requires… residency United Kingdom UK HPI Visa The UK High Potential Individual visa is for recent graduates of universities on the UK's Global Universities List. It does not require a job offer, but… residency United Kingdom UK Health and Care Worker The UK Health and Care Worker visa is for qualified medical, health, and adult social care professionals with an eligible UK job offer from an approved… residency United Kingdom UK Innovator Founder The UK Innovator Founder visa is for founders setting up and running an innovative, viable, and scalable business in the UK. It generally requires… residency United Kingdom UK Scale-up Worker The UK Scale-up Worker visa is for people recruited into eligible jobs by approved fast-growing UK businesses. It generally requires a sponsored job offer… residency United Kingdom UK Skilled Worker The UK Skilled Worker visa is for people with a qualifying UK job offer from a licensed employer sponsor. It generally requires a Certificate of… residency New Zealand New Zealand Accredited Employer Work New Zealand's Accredited Employer Work Visa is for people with a job offer from an accredited New Zealand employer. It generally requires the employer,… residency New Zealand New Zealand Business Investor This residence pathway is for investors who can commit substantial funds to approved investments in New Zealand. It generally requires a qualifying… residency New Zealand New Zealand Green List Tier 1 This is a skilled-work residence pathway for people whose occupation is on a priority or shortage list in New Zealand. It generally requires a qualifying… residency New Zealand New Zealand Green List Tier 2 This is a skilled-work residence pathway for people whose occupation is on a priority or shortage list in New Zealand. It generally requires a qualifying… residency New Zealand New Zealand Skilled Migrant New Zealand's Skilled Migrant Category is a points-based residence route for skilled workers with New Zealand employment or a strong skilled profile. It… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Golden Visa (Talent) The UAE talent Golden Visa is for people in official specialist categories such as doctors, scientists, creatives, athletes, executives, and other… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Green Visa The UAE Green Visa is a self-sponsored residence route for skilled employees, freelancers, self-employed professionals, investors, and business partners.… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in the United Arab Emirates. It generally… residency Canada Canada CUSMA Professional Canada's CUSMA professional route is for U.S. or Mexican citizens in listed professions who have a qualifying Canadian professional role. It generally… residency Canada Canada Express Entry (CEC) Express Entry's Canadian Experience Class is for skilled workers with qualifying Canadian work experience. It generally requires eligible work history,… residency Canada Canada Express Entry (Federal Skilled Trades) Express Entry's Federal Skilled Trades route is for people with qualifying skilled-trade experience. It generally requires trade experience, language… residency Canada Canada Express Entry (Federal Skilled Worker) Express Entry's Federal Skilled Worker route is for skilled workers with foreign or Canadian work experience who meet Canada's points and selection rules.… residency Canada Canada Provincial Nominee This Canadian residence pathway is for people whose skills, work history, job offer, or local ties match a province or territory's needs. It generally… residency Canada Canada Self-Employed Persons This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Canada. It generally requires a credible… residency Canada Canada Start-up Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Canada. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough funding… residency Canada Quebec Skilled Worker (PSTQ) Quebec's skilled-worker selection route is for people whose profile fits Quebec's labor and integration priorities. It generally requires qualifying under… residency South Korea Korea E-7 Skilled Work Korea's E-7 status is for people hired or invited by a Korean organization for one of Korea's designated professional, technical, semi-professional, or… residency Luxembourg Luxembourg EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Luxembourg. It generally requires higher education or… residency Luxembourg Luxembourg Salaried Worker This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Luxembourg. It generally requires the… residency United States U.S. EB-1 EB-1 is a permanent-residence route for people with extraordinary ability, outstanding professors or researchers, and certain multinational executives or… residency United States U.S. EB-2 NIW The EB-2 National Interest Waiver is a green card route for people with an advanced degree or exceptional ability whose proposed work has broader value for… residency United States U.S. H-1B The H-1B is for people with a U.S. employer offer in a specialty occupation that normally requires a directly related bachelor's degree or higher. Many… residency United States U.S. L-1 Transfer The L-1 route is for employees being transferred to a U.S. office of the same company group. It generally requires a qualifying relationship between the… residency United States U.S. O-1 The O-1 is for people with strong national or international recognition in fields such as sciences, education, business, athletics, arts, film, or… residency United States U.S. TN Professional TN status is for Canadian and Mexican citizens with a prearranged U.S. job in a listed USMCA professional occupation. It generally requires Canadian or… residency Austria Austria EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Austria. It generally requires higher education or… residency Austria Austria Graduate Work Route Austria's Red-White-Red Card graduate route is for graduates of Austrian higher-education programs who find qualifying skilled work in Austria. It… residency Austria Austria Highly Qualified Worker Austria's very-highly-qualified route is for applicants with a strong points profile who can qualify for job search or a Red-White-Red Card after finding… residency Austria Austria Other Key Worker Austria's Red-White-Red Card for other key workers is for skilled employees with an Austrian job offer who meet the points and pay rules. It generally… residency Austria Austria Regular Worker Austria's regular-worker route is for people who already have qualifying seasonal or regular work history and an Austrian job offer. It generally requires… residency Austria Austria Self-employed Key Worker Austria's self-employed key-worker route is for applicants whose independent business activity creates significant economic benefit for Austria. It… residency Austria Austria Shortage Worker Austria's Red-White-Red Card shortage-occupation route is for workers with a job offer in an occupation Austria lists as short of workers. It generally… residency Austria Austria Start-up Founder Austria's startup-founder route is for founders building an innovative company with meaningful ownership and funding. It generally requires a qualifying… residency Slovenia Slovenia Single Permit This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Slovenia. It generally requires the role… residency Japan Japan Business Manager Visa This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Japan. It generally requires a credible… residency Japan Japan Highly Skilled Professional Japan's Highly Skilled Professional route is for applicants with a strong points profile based on education, income, experience, research, or business… residency Japan Japan Skilled Worker Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Japan. It generally requires the role… residency Israel Israel B/1 Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Israel. It generally requires the role… residency Israel Israel Innovation Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Israel. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough funding… residency Malta Malta Startup Residence This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Malta. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough funding… residency Spain Spain EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Spain. It generally requires higher education or… residency Spain Spain Employee Work Visa Spain's employee work route is for non-EU citizens with a real job offer from a Spanish employer. It generally requires employer support, work… residency Spain Spain Entrepreneur Visa This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Spain. It generally requires a credible… residency Spain Spain Highly Qualified Professional Spain's Highly Qualified Professional permit is for non-EU workers with a Spanish job offer in a managerial, specialist, or other highly qualified role. It… residency Spain Spain Self-Employed Work Spain's self-employed work route is for people who plan to run their own professional or business activity in Spain. It generally requires a viable… residency France France EU Blue Card France's EU Blue Card is a Talent residence route for highly qualified non-EU workers with a qualifying French job. It generally requires a… residency France France Employee Work Permit France's employee and temporary-worker residence route is for non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens with a real job offer from a French employer. It generally requires… residency France France Profession Libérale This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in France. It generally requires a credible… residency France France Talent Employee France's Talent employee route is for specific kinds of French jobs, including qualified employees with French master's-level credentials, employees of… residency Cyprus Cyprus Startup Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Cyprus. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough funding… residency Italy Italy EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Italy. It generally requires higher education or… residency Italy Italy Startup Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Italy. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough funding… residency Taiwan Taiwan Entrepreneur Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Taiwan. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough funding… residency Taiwan Taiwan Gold Card This is a Taiwan residence route for highly skilled professionals in designated fields. It generally requires strong credentials or income in an approved… residency Estonia Estonia Startup Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Estonia. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… residency Czech Republic Czech Business Residence Czechia's business residence route is for non-EU citizens who will run a real business, work as self-employed, hold a trade license, or serve in a Czech… residency Czech Republic Czech EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in the Czech Republic. It generally requires higher… residency Czech Republic Czech Employee Card This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in the Czech Republic. It generally… residency Greece Greece EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Greece. It generally requires higher education or… residency Andorra Andorra Employee Residence This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Andorra. It generally requires the role… residency Andorra Andorra Entrepreneur Program This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Andorra. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… residency Andorra Andorra Self-Employed Residence This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Andorra. It generally requires a… residency Poland Poland EU Blue Card Poland's EU Blue Card is for non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens taking highly qualified work in Poland. It generally requires a qualifying contract, higher… residency Poland Poland Work Residence Poland's temporary residence and work permit is for non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens who will live in Poland to work for a Polish employer or other qualifying… residency Portugal Portugal D2 Visa This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Portugal. It generally requires a… residency Portugal Portugal EU Blue Card Portugal's EU Blue Card route is for highly qualified non-EU workers with a qualifying job offer in Portugal. It generally requires higher education or… residency Portugal Portugal Highly Qualified Activity Portugal's highly qualified activity route is for people with advanced qualifications or specialized professional experience who will work in a highly… residency Portugal Portugal Independent Professional Portugal's independent professional route is for people who will work for themselves in Portugal as freelancers, professionals, or small-business… residency Portugal Portugal Job Seeker Visa Portugal's job-seeker route is for people who want to enter Portugal to look for qualifying work, subject to the current visa rules in force. It generally… residency Portugal Portugal Tech Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Portugal. It generally requires the role… residency Portugal Portugal Work Residence Portugal's employed-work residence route is for non-EU citizens with a qualifying job contract or promise of work in Portugal. It generally requires a… residency Chile Chile Self-Employed Residency This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Chile. It generally requires a credible… residency Chile Chile Work Residency This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Chile. It generally requires the role… residency Slovakia Slovakia EU Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Slovakia. It generally requires higher education or… residency Turkey Türkiye Turquoise Card Türkiye's Turquoise Card is for highly qualified workers, investors, scientists, artists, athletes, and others whose profile is considered valuable to… residency Turkey Türkiye Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Turkey. It generally requires the role… residency Argentina Argentina Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Argentina. It generally requires the… residency Uruguay Uruguay Work Residency This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Uruguay. It generally requires the role… residency Romania Romania Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Romania. It generally requires higher education or… residency Bahamas Bahamas Work Permit This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in the Bahamas. It generally requires the… residency Georgia Georgia Business Residence Permit This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Georgia. It generally requires a… residency Georgia Georgia Work Residence Permit This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Georgia. It generally requires the role… residency Malaysia Malaysia Employment Pass This is a Malaysia work-residence route for foreign professionals sponsored by an employer. It generally requires a qualifying job, acceptable salary, and… residency Thailand Thailand LTR Visa Thailand's Long-Term Resident visa is for approved categories such as wealthy global citizens, wealthy pensioners, work-from-Thailand professionals, and… residency Thailand Thailand Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Thailand. It generally requires the role… residency Bulgaria Bulgaria Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Bulgaria. It generally requires higher education or… residency Bulgaria Bulgaria Startup Visa This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in Bulgaria. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… other Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Blue Card This is an EU Blue Card residence pathway for highly qualified workers with a qualifying job offer in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It generally requires higher… residency Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Work Residence This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It generally… residency Armenia Armenia Business Residence This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Armenia. It generally requires a… residency Mexico Mexico Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Mexico. It generally requires the role… residency Dominican Republic DR Work Residency The Dominican Republic work-residence route is for people sponsored for employment by a Dominican employer. It generally requires a qualifying job,… residency Ecuador Ecuador Professional Visa Ecuador's Professional Visa is for people with a recognized professional, technical, or higher-education credential who want temporary residence in… residency Ecuador Ecuador Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Ecuador. It generally requires the role… residency Peru Peru Worker Residence This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Peru. It generally requires the role and… residency Brazil Brazil Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Brazil. It generally requires the role… residency Colombia Colombia Work Visa (M-5) This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Colombia. It generally requires the role… residency Paraguay Paraguay SUACE Residency This residence pathway is for founders, business owners, or self-employed applicants who will run real activity in Paraguay. It generally requires a… residency Paraguay Paraguay Work Residency This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Paraguay. It generally requires the role… residency Vietnam Vietnam Talent Visa Vietnam's talent route is for high-value specialists, experts, and other applicants whose skills fit Vietnam's priority needs. It generally requires… residency Vietnam Vietnam Work Visa This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Vietnam. It generally requires the role… residency South Africa South Africa Critical Skills Visa South Africa's Critical Skills Work Visa is for applicants whose occupation or skill appears on the official critical-skills list. It generally requires a… residency Philippines Philippines Work Visa (9G) This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in the Philippines. It generally requires… residency Belize Belize Work Permit This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in Belize. It generally requires the role… residency El Salvador El Salvador Employment Residency This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying job offer, employer sponsorship, or skilled-work profile in El Salvador. It generally requires the… residency

Iceland Iceland Remote Work Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Iceland while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Montserrat Montserrat Remote Worker Stamp Montserrat's Remote Worker Stamp is a one-year pathway for remote employees, freelancers, and business owners who can work through telecommunications… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Virtual Working Programme This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in the United Arab Emirates while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires… residency South Korea Korea Workation Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in South Korea while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires… residency Japan Japan Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Japan while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Malta Malta Nomad Permit This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Malta while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Spain Spain Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Spain while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Cyprus Cyprus Digital Nomad This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Cyprus while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Italy Italy Digital Nomad This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Italy while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Estonia Estonia Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Estonia while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Greece Greece Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Greece while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Andorra Andorra Digital Nomad This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Andorra while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Croatia Croatia Digital Nomad Croatia's digital-nomad temporary stay is for third-country remote workers whose work is performed through communication technology for a company or own… residency Portugal Portugal D8 Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Portugal while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Turkey Türkiye Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Türkiye while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Argentina Argentina Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Argentina while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Uruguay Uruguay Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Uruguay while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Romania Romania Digital Nomad This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Romania while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Panama Panama Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Panama while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Georgia Remotely from Georgia Remotely from Georgia is a remote-work residence option for people working for employers or clients outside Georgia. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Malaysia Malaysia DE Rantau Nomad Pass Malaysia's DE Rantau route is for digital professionals and remote workers who want to live in Malaysia while working online. It generally requires… residency Costa Rica Costa Rica Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Costa Rica while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires… residency Thailand Thailand DTV This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Thailand while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Barbados Barbados Welcome Stamp The Barbados Welcome Stamp is a one-year remote-work route for people whose work stays outside Barbados. It generally requires location-independent foreign… residency Mauritius Mauritius Premium Visa The Mauritius Premium Visa is a renewable long-stay route for remote workers, retirees, and long-stay visitors whose main business or income source stays… residency Albania Albania Remote Work Permit This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Albania while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Digital Nomad Visa Sri Lanka's Digital Nomad Visa is a residence-visa subcategory for digital nomads working in technical or related fields. It generally requires a residence… residency Ecuador Ecuador Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Ecuador while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Moldova Moldova Digital Nomad This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Moldova while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Brazil Brazil Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Brazil while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Colombia Colombia Digital Nomad Visa This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Colombia while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Dominica Dominica WIN Visa Dominica's Work in Nature Visa is an extended-stay pathway for remote workers and families who can work for employers or clients outside Dominica. It… residency Belize Belize Digital Nomad Program This residence pathway is for remote workers who want to live in Belize while their work stays outside the country. It generally requires foreign-source… residency Namibia Namibia Digital Nomad Visa Namibia's Digital Nomad Visa is a short remote-work pathway for applicants who can document remote employment or income, recent bank statements, and… residency Cabo Verde Cabo Verde Remote Working Cabo Verde's Remote Working Program is a temporary remote-work stay for self-employed workers and digital nomads who can work online without a fixed… residency

Switzerland Swiss Retiree Residence This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Switzerland without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Ireland Ireland Stamp 0 Ireland's Stamp 0 route is for financially independent people, often retirees, who can support themselves without working in Ireland. It generally requires… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Retirement Visa This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in the United Arab Emirates. It generally requires stable pension or… residency Austria Austria Financially Independent This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Austria without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Spain Spain Non-Lucrative Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Spain without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency France France Visitor Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in France without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Italy Italy Elective Residence This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Italy without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Greece Greece FIP Visa Greece's financially independent route is for people who can support themselves without working locally. It generally requires stable income or resources,… residency Portugal Portugal D7 Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Portugal without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Chile Chile Rentista Residency This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Chile without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Turkey Türkiye Residence Permit This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Turkey. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income, health… residency Argentina Argentina Pensioner Visa This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Argentina. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income,… residency Argentina Argentina Rentista Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Argentina without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Uruguay Uruguay Pensioner Residency This residence pathway is for foreign retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Uruguay. It generally requires more than $1,500 per month in… residency Uruguay Uruguay Rentista Residency This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Uruguay without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Bahamas Bahamas Annual Residence This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in the Bahamas without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Panama Panama Pensionado This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Panama. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income, health… residency Costa Rica Costa Rica Pensionado This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Costa Rica. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income,… residency Costa Rica Costa Rica Rentista This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Costa Rica without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Thailand Thailand Privilege Visa Thailand Privilege is a fee-paid long-stay route for people who want extended stays in Thailand without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Thailand Thailand Retirement Visa This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Thailand. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income,… residency Mexico Mexico Permanent Residency — Retiree This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Mexico without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Mexico Mexico Temporary Residency — Income or Savings This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Mexico without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Dominican Republic DR Pensioner Residency This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in the Dominican Republic. It generally requires stable pension or retirement… residency Dominican Republic DR Rentista Residency This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in the Dominican Republic. It generally requires stable pension or retirement… residency Ecuador Ecuador Pensioner Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Ecuador without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Ecuador Ecuador Rentista Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Ecuador without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Peru Peru Rentista Residence This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Peru without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Brazil Brazil Retirement Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Brazil without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Colombia Colombia Pensionado Visa This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Colombia. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income,… residency Colombia Colombia Rentista Visa This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Colombia without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Fiji Fiji Assured Income Residence This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Fiji without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency Paraguay Paraguay Rentista Residency This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Paraguay without relying on local employment. It generally… residency Philippines Philippines SRRV This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in the Philippines. It generally requires stable pension or retirement… residency Belize Belize QRP This residence pathway is for retirees or pension recipients who want to live in Belize. It generally requires stable pension or retirement income, health… residency El Salvador El Salvador Rentista Residency El Salvador's rentista route is for retirees, pensioners, and other applicants with stable foreign income. It generally requires proving reliable income… residency Vanuatu Vanuatu Self-Funded Residence This residence pathway is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Vanuatu without relying on local employment. It generally requires… residency

Singapore Singapore Global Investor Programme Singapore's Global Investor Programme is for established entrepreneurs, business owners, and investors making a substantial qualifying investment in… residency New Zealand New Zealand Active Investor Plus This residence pathway is for investors who can commit substantial funds to approved investments in New Zealand. It generally requires a qualifying… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Golden Visa (Real Estate) The UAE real-estate Golden Visa is for property owners whose UAE property meets the official value and ownership rules. It generally requires… residency South Korea Korea D-8 Investor/Startup This residence pathway is for founders building a startup or innovative business in South Korea. It generally requires an eligible business idea, enough… residency South Korea Korea Public Investment Residence This residence pathway is for investors who can commit substantial funds to approved investments in South Korea. It generally requires a qualifying… residency Luxembourg Luxembourg Investor Residence This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Luxembourg. It generally requires… residency United States U.S. E-2 Investor The E-2 is a temporary U.S. route for nationals of treaty countries who invest a substantial amount of capital in a real, active U.S. business. It… residency United States U.S. EB-5 Investor EB-5 is a green card route for investors who place a large qualifying investment into a U.S. commercial enterprise and plan to create at least 10 full-time… residency Malta Malta Permanent Residence Malta's permanent residence programme is for financially qualified non-EU applicants who can meet the required contribution, property, and asset rules. It… residency Cyprus Cyprus Permanent Residence Cyprus's investor Immigration Permit is a permanent residence route for third-country nationals who invest at least €300,000 in qualifying Cyprus… residency Italy Italy Investor Visa Italy's Investor Visa is for applicants making an accepted investment such as government bonds, an Italian company, an innovative startup, or a… residency Greece Greece Golden Visa This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Greece. It generally requires proof… residency Andorra Andorra Passive Residence Andorra's residence without work is for financially self-supporting applicants who want to live in Andorra without local employment. It generally requires… residency Portugal Portugal Golden Visa Portugal's Golden Visa is for applicants making an accepted investment, now focused on routes such as qualifying funds, cultural support, research, or… residency Latvia Latvia Investor Residence Latvia can issue temporary residence permits to investors who make a qualifying company, real-estate, bank, or government-securities investment and pay the… residency Chile Chile Investor Residency This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Chile. It generally requires proof… residency Turkey Turkish Citizenship by Investment Turkish citizenship by investment is for applicants and qualifying family members who make an accepted investment, most commonly real estate or another… citizenship Hungary Hungary Guest Investor Residence Hungary's guest investor residence permit is for third-country nationals whose qualifying investment is treated as being in Hungary's national economic… residency Argentina Argentina Investor Visa This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or already hold a qualifying investment in Argentina. It generally requires proof of the investment,… residency Uruguay Uruguay Investor Residency This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Uruguay. It generally requires proof… residency Bahamas Bahamas Economic PR The Bahamas economic permanent residence route is for investors making a substantial qualifying investment, usually in real estate or approved financial… residency Bahamas Bahamas Homeowner's Card The Bahamas Homeowner's Residence Card is for foreign homeowners who want easier entry and stay privileges without full permanent residence. It generally… residency Panama Panama Friendly Nations Visa Panama's Friendly Nations route is for citizens of designated countries who have a qualifying economic or professional connection to Panama. It generally… residency Panama Panama Qualified Investor Panama's Qualified Investor route is for applicants making a substantial accepted investment in Panama. It generally requires proof of the investment,… residency Panama Panama Reforestation Visa Panama's reforestation investor route is for applicants investing in an approved forestry or reforestation project. It generally requires proof of the… residency Georgia Georgia Permanent Residence (Investment) This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Georgia. It generally requires proof… residency Georgia Georgia Property Residence Permit This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Georgia. It generally requires proof… residency Malaysia Malaysia My Second Home Malaysia My Second Home is a long-stay residence route for financially self-supporting applicants who want Malaysia as a base. It generally requires… residency Malaysia Malaysia Premium Visa Programme Malaysia's Premium Visa Programme is a long-stay residence route for high-net-worth applicants who can meet the program's financial and deposit rules. It… residency Costa Rica Costa Rica Investor Residency This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Costa Rica. It generally requires… residency Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts & Nevis Citizenship — Donation This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts & Nevis Citizenship — Real Estate This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can invest in government-approved real estate in Saint… citizenship Grenada Grenada Citizenship — Donation This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship Grenada Grenada Citizenship — Real Estate This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can invest in government-approved real estate in Grenada.… citizenship Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda Citizenship — Donation This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda Citizenship — Real Estate This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can invest in government-approved real estate in Antigua… citizenship Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Real Estate Residence This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It generally… residency Dominican Republic Dominican Republic Investor Residency This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in the Dominican Republic. It generally… residency Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Citizenship — Donation This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Citizenship — Government Bonds This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make the approved Saint Lucia government-bond… citizenship Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Citizenship — Real Estate This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can invest in government-approved real estate in Saint… citizenship Ecuador Ecuador Investor Visa This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Ecuador. It generally requires proof… residency Moldova Moldova Investment Residence This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or already hold a qualifying investment in Moldova. It generally requires proof of the investment,… residency North Macedonia North Macedonia Economic Interest Citizenship North Macedonia can grant citizenship for special economic interest where the applicant meets official investment criteria and the government accepts the… citizenship Brazil Brazil Investor Visa — Business Brazil's business-investor residence route is for applicants investing in a Brazilian company, startup, or innovation project. It generally requires a real… residency Brazil Brazil Investor Visa — Real Estate This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Brazil. It generally requires proof… residency Colombia Colombia Investor Visa (M-6) This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or hold a qualifying real-estate or other approved investment in Colombia. It generally requires… residency Jordan Jordanian Citizenship by Investment Jordan can grant citizenship to qualifying investors through business, shares, existing investments, or job-creation pathways. It is an active,… citizenship Dominica Dominica Citizenship — Donation This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship Dominica Dominica Citizenship — Real Estate This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can invest in government-approved real estate in Dominica.… citizenship Fiji Fiji Investor Permit This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or already hold a qualifying investment in Fiji. It generally requires proof of the investment,… residency Paraguay Paraguay Investor Pass Paraguay's Investor Pass is a direct permanent-residence route for applicants making a qualifying investment in Paraguay. It generally requires proof of… residency Vietnam Vietnam Investor Visa Vietnam's investor visa is for people investing capital into a Vietnamese company or qualifying project. It generally requires corporate and investment… residency Philippines Philippines SIRV This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or already hold a qualifying investment in the Philippines. It generally requires proof of the… residency El Salvador El Salvador Freedom Visa This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship El Salvador El Salvador Investor Residency El Salvador's investor residence route is for applicants making a qualifying business, real estate, or other accepted investment in the country. It… residency Vanuatu Vanuatu CBI This citizenship-by-investment pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make a government contribution or donation. It… citizenship Vanuatu Vanuatu Investor Residence This residence pathway is for applicants who can make or already hold a qualifying investment in Vanuatu. It generally requires proof of the investment,… residency Nauru Nauru Economic and Climate Resilience Citizenship Nauru's Economic and Climate Resilience Citizenship pathway is for adult applicants and qualifying family members who can make the required contribution,… citizenship

Switzerland Swiss Spouse Naturalization Swiss facilitated naturalization through marriage is for spouses of Swiss citizens, with different rules depending on whether the couple lives in… citizenship Germany Germany Family Reunification Germany's family reunification pathway is for spouses, registered civil partners, and minor children joining a qualifying family member in Germany. It… residency Ireland Ireland De Facto Partner Ireland's de facto partner permission is for unmarried long-term partners of an Irish citizen or another eligible sponsor living in Ireland. It generally… residency Ireland Ireland EU Treaty Rights Family Ireland EU Treaty Rights residence is for non-EEA family members of EU, EEA, or Swiss citizens who are exercising free-movement rights in Ireland. It… residency Ireland Ireland Join Family — Irish Citizen Ireland's Join Family route is for close family members of Irish citizens who want to live together in Ireland. It generally requires a qualifying family… residency Australia Australia Partner (Offshore) Australia's offshore Partner visa is for a spouse, de facto partner, or registered partner of an eligible Australian sponsor who applies from outside… residency Australia Australia Partner (Onshore) Australia's onshore Partner visa is for a spouse, de facto partner, or registered partner of an eligible Australian sponsor who is applying from inside… residency Netherlands Netherlands Partner Residence The Netherlands partner residence permit is for spouses, registered partners, and unmarried partners joining a Dutch citizen or qualifying Dutch… residency Belgium Belgian Naturalization by Marriage Belgium's marriage nationality declaration is for spouses of Belgian citizens who have built a life in Belgium. It generally requires five years of legal… citizenship Belgium Belgium Family Reunification Belgium's family reunification route lets certain non-EU family members join a Belgian citizen in Belgium. It generally covers spouses, qualifying… residency Belgium Belgium Family Reunification with Resident Belgium's family reunification route can let certain family members join a non-EU citizen who is legally living in Belgium. It generally requires a… residency United Kingdom UK Adult Dependent Relative The UK Adult Dependent Relative visa is for an adult who needs long-term personal care from a close relative living permanently in the UK. It is a… residency United Kingdom UK Child Family Visa The UK child family visa is for a child joining or staying with a qualifying parent in the UK. It generally requires the child to be under 18 or already on… residency United Kingdom UK Parent Family Visa The UK parent family visa is for a parent who needs to live in the UK to care for a qualifying child. It generally requires the child to live in the UK… residency United Kingdom UK Partner Visa The UK partner family visa is for spouses, civil partners, fiancees, proposed civil partners, and some long-term partners of a qualifying UK-based sponsor.… residency New Zealand New Zealand Parent Resident New Zealand's Parent Resident Visa is for parents, grandparents, or legal guardians sponsored by an adult New Zealand citizen or resident child. It… residency New Zealand New Zealand Parent Retirement New Zealand's Parent Retirement Resident Visa is for parents of New Zealand citizens or residents who can qualify through investment and retirement funds… residency New Zealand New Zealand Partner Resident New Zealand partner residence is for the married, civil-union, or de facto partner of a New Zealand citizen or resident. It generally requires living… residency United Arab Emirates UAE Family Sponsorship UAE family sponsorship is for close relatives of UAE citizens or residents, most often spouses, children, and in some cases parents. It generally requires… residency Canada Canada Spouse Sponsorship Canada spouse or partner sponsorship is for Canadian citizens and permanent residents sponsoring a spouse, common-law partner, or conjugal partner for… residency South Korea Korea F-6 Spouse Visa South Korea's F-6 visa is for foreign spouses of Korean nationals. It generally requires a legal marriage, relationship evidence, Korean-spouse… residency United States U.S. Fiancé(e) Visa The K-1 visa is for a foreign fiancé(e) of a U.S. citizen who plans to enter the United States, marry within 90 days, and then apply for permanent… residency United States U.S. Immediate Relative Green Card This green card route is for the spouse, unmarried child under 21, or parent of an adult U.S. citizen. It generally requires a qualifying family… residency Japan Japan Spouse/Child Visa Japan's spouse or child visa is for the foreign spouse or child of a Japanese national. It generally requires proof of the family relationship, the… residency Israel Israel Spouse Visa Israel's spouse route is for foreign spouses of Israeli citizens, with a gradual process that can lead from temporary status toward citizenship. It… residency Spain Spain Family Residence Spain has several family-based residence routes for close family members of Spanish citizens, EU/EEA/Swiss citizens, and some non-EU residents in Spain. It… residency France France Family Reunification France family reunification is for a spouse or minor child joining a non-French foreign resident who is already legally settled in France. It generally… residency France France Family of French National This residence pathway is for close family members of a French citizen, such as a spouse, parent of a French child, child of a French citizen, or dependent… residency France French Citizenship by Marriage French citizenship by marriage is for someone married to a French citizen long enough to apply by declaration. It generally requires a continuing marriage,… citizenship Italy Italian Citizenship by Marriage Italian citizenship by marriage or civil union is for spouses and registered civil-union partners of Italian citizens after a qualifying relationship… citizenship Italy Italy Family Reunification Italy family reunification is for close family members joining an Italian or EU citizen in Italy, or joining a qualifying non-EU resident in Italy. It… residency Taiwan Taiwan Spouse Residence Taiwan's spouse resident visa is for the foreign spouse of a Republic of China national. It generally requires proof of the marriage, the ROC spouse's… residency Andorra Andorra Family Reunification Andorra family reunification is for spouses, registered partners, children, and some dependent relatives of an Andorran citizen or qualifying resident. It… residency Portugal Portugal Family Reunification Portugal's family reunification route is for close family members of Portuguese citizens, EU/EEA/Swiss citizens in Portugal, or non-EU residents who can… residency Chile Chile Family-Tie Residency Chile family reunification is for spouses or civil-union partners of Chileans or permanent residents, plus certain children and dependent family members.… residency Argentina Argentina Family-Tie Residency Argentina family-tie residency is for the spouse, registered partner, parent, or child of an Argentine citizen or permanent resident. It generally requires… residency Uruguay Uruguay Family-Tie Residency Uruguay family-tie residency is for the spouse, registered partner, parent, or child of a Uruguayan citizen or permanent resident. It generally requires… residency Bahamas Bahamas Family-Tie Residency Bahamas family-tie residency is for immediate family of Bahamian citizens, especially spouses and parents of Bahamian children. It generally requires… residency Panama Panama Residency — Family Tie Panama family-tie residency is for foreign spouses of Panamanian citizens and parents of Panamanian children. It generally requires marriage or birth… residency Georgia Georgia Family Residence Permit Georgia's D4 family residence permit is for spouses, minor children, and some dependent close relatives of Georgian citizens or foreign residents in… residency Costa Rica Costa Rica Residency — Family Tie Costa Rica family-tie permanent residence is for spouses, parents, and siblings of Costa Rican citizens, including parents of children born in Costa Rica.… residency Thailand Thailand Spouse Visa Thailand's Non-Immigrant O spouse route is for people married to a Thai citizen. It generally requires proof of the marriage, the Thai spouse's status,… residency Barbados Barbados Citizenship through Marriage This citizenship pathway is for people married to a Barbadian citizen. A foreign wife of a Barbadian husband can register as a citizen; a foreign husband… citizenship Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Family Residence Bosnia and Herzegovina family residence is mainly for close family members, especially spouses, joining a citizen or qualifying resident. It generally… residency Armenia Armenia Family Residence Armenia family residence is for close relatives of Armenian citizens or certain Armenian residents, including spouses, parents, children, siblings,… residency Armenia Armenian Family Citizenship Armenia's family citizenship route is for people married to an Armenian citizen or who have an Armenian-citizen child. It can waive some ordinary… citizenship Mexico Mexico Residency — Family Tie Mexico family-tie residency is for foreign spouses and parents of Mexican citizens. It generally requires proof of the Mexican family relationship and… residency Dominican Republic DR Family-Tie Residency Dominican Republic family-tie residency is for the spouse, parent, or child of a Dominican citizen or permanent resident. It generally requires proof of… residency Ecuador Ecuador Spouse / Partner Visa Ecuador's Amparo route is for the foreign spouse or registered permanent partner of an Ecuadorian citizen. It generally requires a registered marriage or… residency Peru Peru Family Residence Peru family resident status is for foreign nationals with a qualifying family tie to a Peruvian citizen or a foreign resident in Peru. It generally… residency Brazil Brazil Family-Tie Residency Brazil family-tie residency is for the spouse, registered partner, parent, or child of a Brazilian citizen or permanent resident. It generally requires… residency Colombia Colombia Residency — Parent of Colombian Colombia's parent-of-Colombian resident visa is for a foreign parent of a Colombian citizen child. It generally requires proof of the parent-child… residency Colombia Colombia Spouse / Partner Visa Colombia's M-1 spouse or partner visa is for the foreign spouse or registered permanent partner of a Colombian national. It generally requires proof of the… residency Paraguay Paraguay Family-Tie Residency Paraguay family-tie residency is for the spouse, parent, or child of a Paraguayan citizen or permanent resident. It generally requires proof of the family… residency Vietnam Vietnam Spouse/Family Visa Vietnam's TT family visa is for spouses, parents, and minor children of Vietnamese citizens or qualifying residents. It generally requires proof of the… residency Philippines Philippines Spouse Visa The Philippines 13(a) visa is the permanent-residence route for spouses of Filipino citizens. It generally requires a valid marriage, proof of the Filipino… residency Belize Belize Family-Tie Residency Belize family-tie residency is for the spouse, parent, or child of a Belizean citizen. It generally requires proof of the Belizean family link and can be a… residency El Salvador El Salvador Family-Tie Residency El Salvador family-tie residency is for spouses of Salvadoran citizens and parents of Salvadoran children. It generally requires civil records proving the… residency Vanuatu Vanuatu Family Citizenship Vanuatu family citizenship is for close family situations such as marriage to a Vanuatu citizen or certain children of Vanuatu citizens. It generally… citizenship Vanuatu Vanuatu Partner Residence Vanuatu partner residence is for a spouse or genuine de facto partner of a Vanuatu citizen or resident, with some widow or widower cases also covered. It… residency Nigeria Nigeria Special Immigrant Status Nigeria's Special Immigrant Status is a residence status for non-Nigerian spouses of Nigerian citizens who do not wish to acquire Nigerian citizenship. The… residency Nigeria Nigerian Citizenship by Marriage Registration Nigeria's citizenship-by-registration rule includes a woman who is or has been married to a Nigerian citizen. The rule is gendered in the constitutional… citizenship

Switzerland Swiss Citizenship by Descent Swiss citizenship by descent is for people who had a Swiss parent when they were born, including cases where Swiss citizenship passed through an intact… citizenship Norway Norwegian Citizenship by Descent Norwegian citizenship by descent depends on having a Norwegian parent when you were born. A grandparent or older ancestor generally matters only if… citizenship Iceland Icelandic Citizenship by Descent Icelandic citizenship by descent depends on having an Icelandic parent when you were born. A grandparent or older ancestor generally matters only if… citizenship Denmark Danish Citizenship by Descent Danish citizenship by descent depends on having a Danish parent when you were born. A grandparent or older ancestor generally matters only if citizenship… citizenship Sweden Swedish Citizenship by Descent Swedish citizenship by descent depends on having a Swedish parent when you were born. A grandparent or older ancestor generally matters only if citizenship… citizenship Germany German Citizenship by Birth This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Germany or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Germany German Citizenship by Declaration Germany's Section 5 declaration route is for people whose family line was blocked by older German citizenship rules that treated mothers, unmarried… citizenship Germany German Citizenship by Descent German citizenship by descent is for people who may already be German because citizenship passed from a German parent, grandparent, or older ancestor… citizenship Germany German Citizenship — Nazi-era Gap Germany's Section 15 StAG route is for people whose German citizenship was lost, denied, or never acquired because of Nazi-era persecution, and for their… citizenship Germany German Citizenship — Nazi-era Persecution Germany's Article 116(2) route is for people whose German citizenship was taken away by the Nazi regime, and for their descendants. It generally requires… citizenship Germany Germany Citizenship — Adoption (§ 6 StAG) Germany's Section 6 route is for people adopted as minors by a German parent. It generally requires proof of the adoption, timing, and the adoptive… citizenship Ireland Ireland Citizenship — Adoption Irish citizenship through adoption is for people adopted in a way that gives citizenship through an Irish-citizen adoptive parent. It generally requires… citizenship Ireland Irish Citizenship by Descent Ireland's Foreign Births Register is for people born outside Ireland who can become Irish through a qualifying Irish parent or grandparent. The most common… citizenship Ireland Irish Citizenship — Born on island of Ireland post-2005 People born on the island of Ireland on or after January 1, 2005 may still be Irish citizens, but it depends on their parents' citizenship, settled status,… citizenship Ireland Irish Citizenship — Born on island of Ireland pre-2005 This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Ireland or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Ireland Irish Citizenship — Irish-born Parent This pathway is for people born outside Ireland who may already be Irish citizens because a parent was an Irish citizen and was born on the island of… citizenship Ireland Irish Citizenship — Public Service Parent Irish law has a narrow exception for some people born abroad to an Irish parent who was also born abroad, if that parent was abroad in Irish public service… citizenship Ireland Irish FBR — Irish Parent Born Abroad This Foreign Births Register route is for people born outside Ireland whose parent was already an Irish citizen when they were born, but was not born on… citizenship Singapore Singapore Citizenship by Descent Singapore citizenship by descent is for children born abroad to a Singapore-citizen parent when the birth is registered in time. It generally requires… citizenship Australia Australia Citizenship by Descent Australian citizenship by descent is for people born outside Australia to a parent who was an Australian citizen when they were born. It generally requires… citizenship Australia Australian Citizenship by Birth This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Australia or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship Netherlands Dutch Citizenship by Descent Dutch citizenship by descent is for people whose Dutch citizenship passed through an intact parent-child chain. It generally requires proof of each… citizenship Netherlands Dutch Option Procedure The Dutch option procedure is a simplified citizenship route for people with certain close Dutch ties or historical Dutch-citizenship situations. It… citizenship Finland Finnish Citizenship by Descent Finnish citizenship by descent depends on having a Finnish parent when you were born. A grandparent or older ancestor generally matters only if citizenship… citizenship Belgium Belgian Citizenship by Birth in Belgium This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Belgium or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Belgium Belgian Citizenship by Descent Belgian citizenship by descent usually depends on having a Belgian parent when you were born. Born-abroad cases may also depend on where the Belgian parent… citizenship Belgium Belgian Nationality Recovery Belgian nationality recovery is for people who previously held Belgian nationality and lost it. It generally requires proof of the former Belgian… citizenship Belgium Belgian Nationality for Belgium-Born Residents Belgium has a nationality declaration route for adults who were born in Belgium and have legally lived there since birth. It is separate from automatic… citizenship Belgium Belgium Permanent Residence Belgium offers more secure long-term or permanent residence options for many non-EU residents after several years of lawful stay. It generally requires… residency United Kingdom British Citizenship by UK Birth People born in the UK on or after 1 January 1983 may already be British if a parent had a qualifying status when they were born. This usually means a… citizenship United Kingdom UK Ancestry Visa The UK Ancestry visa is for Commonwealth citizens, Zimbabwe citizens, and British nationals (overseas) who have a qualifying UK-born grandparent and want… residency United Kingdom UK BOTC — Special Circumstances This discretionary route is for adults who can show they would have become, or could have become, British Overseas Territories Citizens but for a specific… citizenship United Kingdom UK Child Registration A child born in the UK after 1982 may be entitled to register as British if they were not British at birth but later a parent became British, settled, or… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship - Automatic Descent UK automatic citizenship by descent is for people born outside the UK on or after January 1, 1983 who had a British parent able to pass citizenship at… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Adoption (Section 1(5)) UK citizenship through adoption is for people adopted through a qualifying process by a British citizen. It generally requires proof of the adoption, the… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — BOTC Mother This route is for people born before 1983 who missed British Overseas Territories Citizenship because their mother could not pass on status in the same way… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — BOTC Unmarried Father This route is for people who missed British Overseas Territories Citizenship because older law did not treat unmarried fathers the same way as married… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — BOTC Upgrade (Section 4A) UK Section 4A is for current British Overseas Territories Citizens who want to register as British citizens. It generally requires proof of BOTC status,… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Born in UK pre-1983 This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in the United Kingdom or in another qualifying birth situation… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Childhood Residence (Section 1(4)) UK Section 1(4) is an entitlement route for people born in the UK who did not become British at birth but lived there through their first ten years. It… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Historical Unfairness UK Section 4L is a broad registration route for people who would have become British but for historical legislative unfairness or official acts or… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Maternal Line UK Section 4C is a registration route for people born before 1983 who would have become British if mothers had been able to pass citizenship on the same… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Minor Child (Residency-Based) UK Section 3(5) is a registration route for minor children of a British citizen by descent when the child and parents build the required UK residence. It… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Minor Child of British Parent UK Section 3(2) is a registration route for minor children of a British citizen by descent where the British parent has lived in the UK for the required… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Resumption (Section 13) UK Section 13 resumption is for people who previously renounced British citizenship and want it back. It generally requires proof of the former British… citizenship United Kingdom UK Citizenship — Unmarried British Father UK Sections 4G-4I are registration routes for people who missed British citizenship because older law treated unmarried British fathers differently. They… citizenship New Zealand New Zealand Citizenship by Birth This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in New Zealand or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship New Zealand New Zealand Citizenship by Descent New Zealand citizenship by descent is for people born outside the Realm of New Zealand to a parent who was a New Zealand citizen by birth or grant. It… citizenship United Arab Emirates UAE Citizenship Through a Parent UAE citizenship through parentage is mainly for people with an Emirati parent, with the strongest route through an Emirati father and narrower routes… citizenship Canada Canadian Citizenship by Descent Canadian citizenship by descent is for people born outside Canada who may have citizenship through a Canadian parent. After Canada's 2025 changes, older… citizenship Canada Canadian Citizenship — Born in Canada This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Canada or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship South Korea Korean Citizenship by Parent South Korean citizenship by descent is for people whose parent was a Korean national when they were born. The key issue is the parent's Korean nationality… citizenship South Korea Korean F-4 Overseas Korean This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying ancestry, nationality, or diaspora connection to South Korea. It generally requires proof of that… residency Luxembourg Luxembourg Citizenship by Parent Luxembourg citizenship by descent is for people whose Luxembourgish parent could pass nationality when the parent-child relationship was established. It… citizenship Luxembourg Luxembourg Option by Family Luxembourg nationality by option is for adults with a Luxembourgish parent, adoptive parent, or grandparent where nationality did not automatically pass… citizenship United States U.S. Citizenship by Birth Most people born in the United States are U.S. citizens from birth. The main exception is being born to a parent who was not subject to U.S. jurisdiction,… citizenship United States U.S. Citizenship — Parent This pathway is for people born outside the United States who may have been U.S. citizens from birth through a U.S. citizen parent. It generally depends on… citizenship Austria Austria Citizenship by Descent Austrian citizenship by descent is mainly for people who had an Austrian parent when they were born. It generally requires proof of the parent-child link,… citizenship Austria Austrian Citizenship — Nazi-era Persecution Austria's Section 58c restoration route is for descendants of people who fled Austria to escape Nazi persecution. It generally requires proof of the… citizenship Slovenia Slovenian Citizenship by Descent Slovenian citizenship by direct descent is mainly a parent-to-child route, with declaration deadlines for many people born abroad. Grandparent cases… citizenship Slovenia Slovenian Ethnic Origin Slovenia's ethnic-Slovene route is for people of Slovene origin living outside Slovenia. It generally requires proof of Slovene ancestry or identity and a… citizenship Japan Japan Nikkei Residence Japan's Nikkei long-term resident route is for descendants of Japanese emigrants, especially second- and third-generation applicants with documented… residency Japan Japanese Citizenship by Descent Japanese citizenship by descent is for people whose parent was Japanese when they were born. It generally requires proof of the parent-child link, Japanese… citizenship Israel Israeli Citizenship (Law of Return) Israel's Law of Return route is for Jewish people, certain converts, and close family members who qualify to immigrate to Israel. It generally requires… citizenship Israel Israeli Citizenship by Descent Israeli citizenship by descent is generally for people born to an Israeli-citizen parent, with automatic transmission limited abroad. It usually requires… citizenship Malta Maltese Citizenship by Descent Maltese citizenship by descent is for direct-line descendants of an ancestor born in Malta whose parent was also born in Malta. It generally requires… citizenship Spain Spanish Nationality by Option Spanish nationality by option is for certain people with a close Spanish family or birth connection. It most often helps children of Spanish citizens,… citizenship France French Citizenship by Birth This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in France or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship France French Citizenship by Descent French citizenship by descent is for people who had a French parent when they were born, including cases where French nationality passed through an intact… citizenship Cyprus Cypriot Citizenship by Descent Cypriot citizenship by descent is for people of Cypriot origin, including children born abroad to a Cypriot parent and some adults with older Cypriot… citizenship Italy Italian Citizenship Reacquisition Italian citizenship reacquisition is a temporary route for certain former Italian citizens who lost citizenship before August 16, 1992. It generally… citizenship Italy Italian Citizenship by Descent Italian citizenship by descent is now usually for people with a qualifying Italian parent or grandparent, unless they fit a protected earlier filing or… citizenship Taiwan Taiwan Citizenship by Parent Taiwan/ROC nationality by parentage is for people whose parent was an ROC national when they were born. It generally requires proof of the parent-child… citizenship Estonia Estonian Citizenship by Descent Estonian citizenship by descent is for people who had an Estonian parent when they were born, including cases where Estonian citizenship passed through an… citizenship Czech Republic Czech Citizenship Confirmation Czech citizenship confirmation is for people who may already be Czech because Czech or Czechoslovak citizenship passed to them through an intact… citizenship Czech Republic Czech Citizenship by Birth This citizenship route is for people born in Czechia who would otherwise have been stateless at birth. It generally requires birth in Czechia, stateless… citizenship Czech Republic Czech Citizenship by Declaration Czechia's Section 31 declaration route is for children and grandchildren of certain former Czech or Czechoslovak citizens. It generally requires proof that… citizenship Czech Republic Czech Citizenship by Declaration Section 32 Czechia's Section 32 declaration route is for a narrow group of people connected to former Czechoslovak citizens who were still CSFR citizens at the end of… citizenship Czech Republic Czech Former Citizen Declaration This route is for people who personally lost Czech or Czechoslovak citizenship before the current Czech Citizenship Act took effect. It generally requires… citizenship Greece Greek Citizenship by Descent Greek citizenship by descent is for people whose Greek citizenship passed through an intact family chain. It generally requires proving each generation and… citizenship Greece Greek Expatriate Status This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying ancestry, nationality, or diaspora connection to Greece. It generally requires proof of that… residency Andorra Andorran Nationality of Origin This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Andorra or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Poland Karta Polaka Karta Polaka is a Polish diaspora status document for people who can show Polish identity, basic Polish language ability, and a qualifying Polish family or… other Poland Polish Citizenship Confirmation Polish citizenship confirmation is for people who may already be Polish because citizenship passed through an intact family chain. It generally requires… citizenship Lithuania Lithuanian Descent Restoration Lithuanian citizenship restoration by descent is for descendants of Lithuanian citizens who held citizenship before the Soviet occupation period. It… citizenship Lithuania Lithuanian Ethnic Origin Lithuania's ethnic-origin route is for people who can show Lithuanian ethnic origin even when the standard citizenship-restoration route does not fit. It… citizenship Lithuania Lithuanian-Origin Residence This residence route is for people of Lithuanian origin who want to live in Lithuania. It generally requires proof of Lithuanian ancestry or ethnic origin… residency Croatia Croatian Citizenship by Descent Croatian citizenship by descent is for people whose Croatian citizenship passed automatically through an intact family chain. It generally requires civil… citizenship Croatia Croatian Emigrant Descendants Croatia's emigrant route is for Croatian emigrants and their descendants who want citizenship through the diaspora rules. It generally requires proving the… citizenship Portugal Portuguese Citizenship by Descent Portuguese citizenship by descent is mainly for people with a Portuguese parent or grandparent. Parent cases are usually more direct, while grandparent… citizenship Latvia Latvian Citizenship by Restoration Latvia's exile-restoration route is for descendants of Latvian citizens who left during the occupation period or were forced into exile. It generally… citizenship Latvia Latvians and Livs This citizenship route is for people who can prove Latvian or Liv ethnic origin under Latvia's special nationality rules. It generally requires documentary… citizenship Chile Chilean Citizenship by Descent Chilean citizenship by descent can cover people born abroad with a Chilean parent or Chilean grandparent. It generally requires civil records proving the… citizenship Chile Chilean Citizenship — Born in Chile This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Chile or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Slovakia Slovak Citizenship Confirmation Slovak citizenship confirmation is for people who may already be Slovak because Slovak or Czechoslovak citizenship passed to them through an intact… citizenship Slovakia Slovak Citizenship Recovery Slovak citizenship recovery is for people who personally lost Slovak or former Czechoslovak citizenship under earlier rules. It generally requires proof of… citizenship Slovakia Slovak Citizenship by Descent Grant Slovakia's 2022 descendant grant is for people with a parent, grandparent, or great-grandparent who was a Czechoslovak citizen born in the territory of… citizenship Slovakia Slovak Living Abroad Slovak Living Abroad status is for people with Slovak ancestry or Slovak national identity outside Slovakia. It generally requires proof of the Slovak… other Slovakia Slovak Living Abroad to Citizenship This citizenship route is for people who hold or can obtain Slovak Living Abroad status and then use it as part of a Slovakia-based citizenship plan. It… citizenship Turkey Turkish Citizenship by Descent Turkish citizenship by descent is for people born to at least one Turkish parent. It generally requires proof of the parent-child relationship, the… citizenship Turkey Türkiye Mavi Kart The Mavi Kart is for former Turkish citizens, and some of their descendants, who lost Turkish citizenship after becoming citizens elsewhere. It generally… other Hungary Hungarian Descent Confirmation Hungarian citizenship confirmation is for people whose Hungarian citizenship already passed through an intact family chain. It generally requires records… citizenship Hungary Hungarian Pre-Trianon Ancestry Hungary's pre-Trianon route is for people with ancestors from the historical Kingdom of Hungary who may fit Hungary's simplified citizenship rules. It… citizenship Argentina Argentine Citizenship by Descent Argentine citizenship by descent is for children born abroad to an Argentine parent, with grandchildren usually needing the intervening parent to claim… citizenship Argentina Argentine Citizenship — Born in Argentina This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Argentina or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship Uruguay Uruguayan Citizenship by Descent Uruguayan citizenship by descent is for children, and sometimes grandchildren, of Uruguayan natural citizens. It generally requires proof of the Uruguayan… citizenship Uruguay Uruguayan Citizenship — Born in Uruguay This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Uruguay or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Romania Romanian Citizenship by Descent Romanian citizenship by descent or restoration is for people with an intact Romanian citizenship chain, or descendants of former Romanian citizens within… citizenship Bahamas Bahamian Citizenship by Descent Bahamian citizenship by descent is mainly for people born abroad to a Bahamian parent, with historically different treatment of paternal and maternal… citizenship Bahamas Bahamian Citizenship — Born in the Bahamas This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in the Bahamas or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship Panama Panamanian Citizenship by Descent Panamanian citizenship by descent is for children born abroad to a Panamanian mother or father. It generally requires proof of the parent-child link and… citizenship Panama Panamanian Citizenship — Born in Panama This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Panama or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Georgia Georgian Citizenship by Descent Georgian citizenship by descent is for people whose parent was a Georgian citizen when they were born. It generally requires proof of the parent-child… citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Adoption Citizenship A minor adopted under Trinidad and Tobago adoption law becomes a citizen from the date of the adoption order if the adopter, or either joint adopter, is a… citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Citizenship Restoration Former T&T citizens may have a restoration or certificate route if citizenship ended because of acquiring, or renouncing to acquire, another citizenship. citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Citizenship by Birth A person born in Trinidad and Tobago is generally a citizen at birth, subject to narrow diplomatic and enemy-alien exceptions in the Constitution. citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Commonwealth Registration Commonwealth citizens, Republic of Ireland citizens, and British protected persons can be registered as Trinidad and Tobago citizens after meeting the… citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Minor Registration Section 8 lets the Minister register a minor child born outside Trinidad and Tobago to a citizen, on application by the responsible parent or guardian. citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Parent Citizenship A person born outside Trinidad and Tobago can be a citizen at birth if a parent was a T&T citizen otherwise than by descent, with a government-service… citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Section 5 Descent Section 5 creates a certificate route for a child born outside Trinidad and Tobago to a T&T citizen by descent, but the application timing and generation… citizenship Malaysia Malaysian Citizenship by Descent Malaysian citizenship by descent is for some children born abroad to a Malaysian parent, with rules that depend on the parent's gender, the child's birth… citizenship Costa Rica Costa Rican Citizenship by Descent Costa Rican citizenship by descent is for children born abroad to a Costa Rican parent. More distant family lines usually require each intervening… citizenship Costa Rica Costa Rican Citizenship — Born in Costa Rica This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Costa Rica or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts & Nevis Citizenship by Descent Saint Kitts and Nevis citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to at least one Kittitian or Nevisian parent. It is generally a parent-only route,… citizenship Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts & Nevis Citizenship — Born in Saint Kitts & Nevis This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Saint Kitts and Nevis or in another qualifying birth situation… citizenship Serbia Serbian Citizenship by Descent Serbian citizenship by descent is mainly for children of Serbian citizens, with an age deadline when a person born abroad was not registered in childhood.… citizenship Serbia Serbian Ethnic Origin Serbia's ethnic-Serb route is for people outside Serbia who can show Serbian ethnicity or a strong Serbian national connection. It generally requires… citizenship Thailand Thai Citizenship by Descent Thai citizenship by descent is for people whose parent was Thai when they were born. It generally requires proof of the Thai parent-child link and, for… citizenship Bulgaria Bulgarian Citizenship by Descent Bulgarian citizenship by descent is for people born to a Bulgarian-citizen parent, including cases where Bulgarian citizenship passed through an intact… citizenship Bulgaria Bulgarian Origin Naturalization Bulgaria's origin route is for people who can document Bulgarian origin through a parent, grandparent, or great-grandparent when ordinary descent… citizenship Barbados Barbados Citizenship by Descent Barbados citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to a Barbadian parent. It is a parent-only route, so you generally need a parent who was a… citizenship Barbados Barbados Citizenship — Born in Barbados This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Barbados. It generally turns on your birthplace and your… citizenship Barbados Barbados Citizenship — Commonwealth Registration This citizenship pathway is for citizens of Commonwealth countries or Ireland who have built up long residence or government service in Barbados. It is a… citizenship Grenada Grenada Citizenship by Descent Grenada citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to at least one Grenadian parent. It is generally a parent-only route, so applicants need proof of… citizenship Grenada Grenada Citizenship — Born in Grenada This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Grenada or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda Citizenship by Descent Antigua and Barbuda citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to at least one Antiguan and Barbudan parent. It is generally a parent-only route, so… citizenship Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda Citizenship — Born in Antigua & Barbuda This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Antigua and Barbuda or in another qualifying birth situation… citizenship Albania Albanian Citizenship by Descent Albanian citizenship by descent is for people who can document a direct Albanian-citizen ancestor within the allowed family degree, usually a parent,… citizenship Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian Citizenship by Descent Bosnia and Herzegovina citizenship by descent is mainly a parent-to-child route, with special rules for children born abroad to one citizen parent. It… citizenship Armenia Armenia Special Residency This residence pathway is for people with a qualifying ancestry, nationality, or diaspora connection to Armenia. It generally requires proof of that… residency Armenia Armenian Ethnic Origin Armenian citizenship through ethnic origin is for people who can prove Armenian heritage, even without ordinary long-term residence in Armenia. It… citizenship Armenia Armenian Parent Armenian citizenship through a parent is for people who had an Armenian-citizen parent when they were born or who can acquire citizenship through that… citizenship Mexico Mexican Citizenship by Descent Mexican citizenship by descent is for people born abroad with a Mexican parent, and in some cases a family line where the parent can claim Mexican… citizenship Mexico Mexican Citizenship — Born in Mexico This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Mexico or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Dominican Republic Dominican Citizenship by Descent Dominican citizenship by descent is for children born abroad to at least one Dominican parent, with some grandchild claims depending on the intervening… citizenship Dominican Republic Dominican Citizenship — Born in the DR This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in the Dominican Republic or in another qualifying birth… citizenship Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Citizenship by Descent Saint Lucia citizenship by descent can cover people born abroad to a Saint Lucian parent and, under the expanded rules, some people with a Saint Lucian… citizenship Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Citizenship — Born in Saint Lucia This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Saint Lucia or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship Ecuador Ecuadorian Citizenship by Descent Ecuadorian citizenship by descent can cover children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren of Ecuadorian-born citizens. It generally requires civil… citizenship Ecuador Ecuadorian Citizenship — Born in Ecuador This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Ecuador or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Moldova Moldovan Citizenship by Descent Moldovan citizenship by descent or restoration is for people with qualifying parent, grandparent, or great-grandparent ties to Moldova or certain… citizenship North Macedonia North Macedonian Citizenship by Descent North Macedonian citizenship by descent is mainly a parent-to-child route, with registration deadlines for many people born abroad to one citizen parent.… citizenship Peru Peruvian Citizenship by Parent Peruvian nationality by birth or parentage covers people born in Peru and some people born abroad to a Peruvian parent. It generally requires registration… citizenship Brazil Brazilian Citizenship by Descent Brazilian citizenship by descent is mainly for children born abroad to a Brazilian parent. Grandchildren usually need the intervening parent to register… citizenship Brazil Brazilian Citizenship — Born in Brazil This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Brazil or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Colombia Colombian Citizenship by Descent Colombian citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to a Colombian parent. It generally requires registering the birth with a Colombian consulate or… citizenship Colombia Colombian Citizenship — Born in Colombia This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Colombia or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Jamaica Jamaican Citizenship by Descent Jamaican citizenship by descent is for people born outside Jamaica who qualify through a Jamaican parent. The rule differs depending on whether the… citizenship Dominica Dominica Citizenship by Descent Dominica citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to at least one Dominican parent. It is generally a parent-only route, so applicants need proof… citizenship Dominica Dominica Citizenship — Born in Dominica This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Dominica or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Fiji Fijian Citizenship by Parent Fiji citizenship by birth or parentage covers people born in Fiji under the modern birth rules and some children of Fijian citizens born abroad. It… citizenship Paraguay Paraguayan Citizenship by Descent Paraguayan citizenship by descent is for children born abroad to a Paraguayan parent, but it is not purely automatic for most applicants abroad. It… citizenship Paraguay Paraguayan Citizenship — Born in Paraguay This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Paraguay or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship Vietnam Vietnamese Citizenship by Descent Vietnamese citizenship by descent is for people whose parent was a Vietnamese citizen when they were born, including some overseas families who never… citizenship South Africa South African Adoption Citizenship South African citizenship law includes a route for children adopted by South African citizens, subject to the adoption being legally recognized and the… citizenship South Africa South African Citizenship Resumption Former South African citizens may have a resumption route if they can prove their prior citizenship, the way it ended, and the residence or… citizenship South Africa South African Citizenship by Birth South African citizenship by birth can apply to people born in South Africa, especially where a parent was a South African citizen, where the person would… citizenship South Africa South African Parent Citizenship South African law can treat a person born outside South Africa as a citizen when a parent was a South African citizen at the time of birth. The practical… citizenship Philippines Philippine Citizenship Re-acquisition Philippine citizenship reacquisition is for natural-born Filipinos who lost Philippine citizenship after becoming citizens elsewhere. It generally requires… citizenship Philippines Philippine Citizenship by Descent Philippine citizenship by descent is for people whose parent was Filipino when they were born. It is generally a parent-only route, so a Filipino… citizenship Belize Belizean Citizenship by Descent Belizean citizenship by descent is for people born abroad to at least one Belizean parent after Belize's independence. It is generally a parent-generation… citizenship Belize Belizean Citizenship — Born in Belize This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in Belize or in another qualifying birth situation connected to… citizenship El Salvador Salvadoran Citizenship by Descent Salvadoran citizenship by descent is for children of a Salvadoran mother or father, wherever the child was born. It is generally a one-generation route… citizenship El Salvador Salvadoran Citizenship — Born in El Salvador This citizenship pathway is for people who may already be citizens because they were born in El Salvador or in another qualifying birth situation connected… citizenship India India OCI Card The OCI card is for people with qualifying Indian ancestry or a qualifying Indian-citizen spouse who want long-term access to India. It generally requires… other India Indian Citizenship by Descent Indian citizenship by descent is a narrow statutory route for people born outside India to an Indian parent, with different rules for births before… citizenship Ghana Ghanaian Citizenship by Parent or Grandparent Ghanaian citizenship by parent or grandparent is for people whose family line fits Ghana's citizenship-at-birth rule. The clearest cases involve a Ghanaian… citizenship Kenya Kenyan Citizenship by Parent Kenya's Constitution treats a person as a citizen by birth if, on the day the person was born, either the mother or father was a Kenyan citizen. The rule… citizenship Nigeria Nigerian Citizenship by Birth Nigerian citizenship by birth covers people who fit Section 25 of Nigeria's Constitution. The clearest modern case is a person born outside Nigeria to a… citizenship Nigeria Nigerian Grandparent Registration Nigerian citizenship by registration can be available to an adult born outside Nigeria whose grandparent is a Nigerian citizen. The applicant must also… citizenship

Germany Germany Ausbildung Germany's vocational training route is for people who want to complete an in-company or school-based training program in Germany, or in limited cases come… residency Netherlands Netherlands Orientation Year The Netherlands orientation year is a one-year residence permit for recent graduates, doctoral graduates, and certain researchers who want to look for work… residency Netherlands Netherlands Student Residence The Netherlands student residence permit is for non-Dutch students admitted to full-time higher education at a Dutch institution recognised by the IND. It… residency Belgium Belgium Student Visa Belgium's student residence route is for non-EU students accepted into qualifying higher education or study in Belgium. It generally requires admission or… residency United Kingdom UK Graduate Visa The UK Graduate visa is for people who are in the UK on a Student or Tier 4 visa and have successfully completed an eligible UK course. It gives post-study… residency United Kingdom UK Student Visa The UK Student visa is for people aged 16 or older who have an offer from a licensed UK student sponsor. It generally requires a Confirmation of Acceptance… residency Canada Canada Study-to-PR Route This residence pathway is for students or graduates who want to turn study in Canada into a longer-term stay. It generally requires an eligible study… residency Spain Spain Student Visa Spain's student stay authorization is for people admitted to qualifying studies, training, internships, volunteer programs, or similar education-based… residency France France Student Visa France's student visa and student residence route is for people accepted into qualifying study or training in France. It generally requires admission or… residency Czech Republic Czech Student Residence Czech student residence is for non-EU citizens admitted to qualifying studies in Czechia for more than 90 days. It generally requires admission to a… residency Portugal Portugal D4 Student Visa The Portugal D4 Student Visa is for people accepted to study, train, research, or participate in another qualifying education program in Portugal. It… residency

Switzerland Swiss Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Switzerland. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Ireland Irish Citizenship by Naturalisation Irish citizenship by naturalisation is for people who have built enough lawful residence in Ireland, or spouses and civil partners of Irish citizens with… citizenship Singapore Singapore Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Singapore. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Australia Australia Citizenship by Conferral This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Australia. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Belgium Belgian Nationality as Parent Belgium has a nationality declaration route for certain parents of Belgian children under 18. It generally requires five years of legal residence in… citizenship Belgium Belgian Naturalization (10-year residence) This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Belgium. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Belgium Belgian Naturalization (5-year residence) This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Belgium. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship United Kingdom UK Naturalisation This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of the United Kingdom. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship New Zealand New Zealand Citizenship by Grant This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of New Zealand. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship United Arab Emirates UAE Citizenship by Nomination This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of the United Arab Emirates. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any… citizenship Canada Canadian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Canada. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship South Korea Korean Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of South Korea. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Japan Japanese Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Japan. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language, integration,… citizenship Israel Israeli Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Israel. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Spain Spanish Citizenship — Fast-Track Naturalization Spain's shortened naturalization route is for nationals of certain countries and communities with a qualifying period of residence in Spain. It generally… citizenship France French Naturalization French naturalization is for people who have made France their main home and can show enough residence, integration, French language, and good character.… citizenship Czech Republic Czech Naturalization Czech naturalization is for people who have built a long-term legal life in Czechia. It generally requires permanent residence, enough actual presence,… citizenship Andorra Andorran Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Andorra. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Chile Chilean Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Chile. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language, integration,… citizenship Turkey Turkish Citizenship by Marriage Turkish citizenship by marriage is for foreign spouses of Turkish citizens after a qualifying period of marriage. It generally requires a genuine ongoing… citizenship Turkey Turkish Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Turkey. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Hungary Hungarian Simplified Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Hungary. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Argentina Argentine Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Argentina. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Uruguay Uruguayan Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Uruguay. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Romania Romanian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Romania. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Bahamas Bahamian Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of the Bahamas. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Panama Panamanian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Panama. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Georgia Georgian Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Georgia. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Trinidad and Tobago T&T Naturalisation T&T naturalisation is for alien adults who meet the Act's character, English, residence or government-service, legal-entry, and oath requirements. citizenship Malaysia Malaysian Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Malaysia. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Costa Rica Costa Rican Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Costa Rica. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts & Nevis Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Saint Kitts and Nevis. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any… citizenship Thailand Thai Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Thailand. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Barbados Barbados Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Barbados. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and an intention to keep… citizenship Grenada Grenada Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Grenada. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Antigua and Barbuda Antigua & Barbuda Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Antigua and Barbuda. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any… citizenship Armenia Armenian Naturalization Armenian citizenship by ordinary naturalization is for adults who have already built lawful residence in Armenia. It generally requires at least three… citizenship Mexico Mexican Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Mexico. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Dominican Republic Dominican Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of the Dominican Republic. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any… citizenship Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Saint Lucia. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Ecuador Ecuadorian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Ecuador. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship North Macedonia North Macedonia Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of North Macedonia. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Peru Peruvian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Peru. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language, integration,… citizenship Brazil Brazilian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Brazil. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Colombia Colombian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Colombia. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Dominica Dominica Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Dominica. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Fiji Fijian Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Fiji. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language, integration,… citizenship Paraguay Paraguayan Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Paraguay. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Vietnam Vietnamese Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Vietnam. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship South Africa South African Naturalisation South African naturalisation is the citizenship route for permanent residents who meet the Act's residence, character, language, civic-knowledge, and… citizenship Philippines Philippine Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of the Philippines. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Belize Belizean Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Belize. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship El Salvador Salvadoran Citizenship by Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of El Salvador. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Vanuatu Vanuatu Naturalization This citizenship pathway is for long-term residents of Vanuatu. It generally requires enough lawful residence, good character, and any language,… citizenship Nigeria Nigerian Naturalization Nigerian naturalization is for long-term residents who meet Section 27 of the Constitution. The residence requirement is normally 15 years, either… citizenship

Ireland Ireland Common Travel Area Rights British citizens generally already have the right to live, work, study, and access many services in Ireland under the Common Travel Area. This is not a… other Ireland Ireland Working Holiday Ireland's Working Holiday Authorisation lets eligible young people from partner countries live in Ireland temporarily and work during the stay. It… residency Singapore Singapore Work Holiday Singapore's Work Holiday Programme lets eligible students and young graduates from recognized universities in selected countries or regions, including the… residency Australia Australia SCV for New Zealand Citizens New Zealand citizens with a valid New Zealand passport generally do not need to apply for an Australian visa before travel. On entry, they can be granted a… other Australia Australia Work and Holiday 462 Australia's Work and Holiday visa is a temporary route for young adults from eligible passport countries who want to holiday in Australia and work during… residency Australia Australia Working Holiday 417 Australia's Working Holiday visa is a temporary route for young adults from eligible passport countries who want to holiday in Australia and work during… residency Belgium Belgium Au Pair Belgium's au pair route is a cultural-exchange residence option for young people placed with a Belgian host family. It generally requires being in the… residency United Kingdom UK BN(O) Visa The UK British National (Overseas) visa is for eligible Hong Kong BN(O) status holders and certain adult children of BN(O) status holders. It can support a… residency United Kingdom UK Common Travel Area Rights Irish citizens generally already have the right to live, work, study, and access many services in the UK under the Common Travel Area. This is not a visa… other United Kingdom UK India Young Professionals The UK India Young Professionals Scheme visa is for Indian citizens aged 18 to 30 who have a bachelor's-level qualification or higher and are selected in… residency United Kingdom UK Youth Mobility The UK Youth Mobility Scheme visa is for young adults from participating countries and territories who want to live and work in the UK temporarily. It… residency New Zealand New Zealand Residence for Australian Citizens Australian citizens can generally visit, live, work, and study in New Zealand and receive a New Zealand resident visa when they arrive, if they meet New… other New Zealand New Zealand Working Holiday New Zealand's USA Working Holiday Visa lets eligible U.S. citizens aged 18 to 30 holiday, work, and study in New Zealand for up to 12 months. It generally… residency Canada Canada IEC Recognized Organization Canada does not have a standard bilateral IEC working-holiday agreement for U.S. citizens, but some recognized organizations can support a limited number… residency South Korea Korea H-1 Working Holiday Korea's H-1 Working Holiday visa is for eligible young people from countries or regions with a working-holiday agreement with Korea. It generally requires… residency United States U.S. Diversity Visa The Diversity Visa is a green card route for people selected through the U.S. Diversity Immigrant Visa Program. Being from an eligible country is only the… residency Spain Spain Arraigo Spain's arraigo routes are for people already in Spain whose local ties, work, training, family situation, or prior residence may support an… residency France France Au Pair France's young au pair route is for non-European young adults who will live with a host family in France to improve their French and cultural knowledge. It… residency France France Working Holiday France's working holiday visa is a temporary route for young adults from countries that have a working-holiday agreement with France. It generally requires… residency Estonia Estonia e-Residency Estonia e-Residency is a government-issued digital identity for global entrepreneurs who want remote access to Estonian digital business services. It can… other Portugal Portugal CPLP Residence Portugal's CPLP residence route is for citizens of other Portuguese-speaking countries that participate in the CPLP mobility framework. It can provide a… residency Portugal Portugal Youth Mobility Portugal's youth-mobility route lets eligible U.S. citizens who are enrolled in a U.S. accredited post-secondary institution or recently graduated stay in… residency Chile Chile MERCOSUR Residence Chile's MERCOSUR temporary residence subcategory is for nationals of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It provides a nationality-based… residency Argentina Argentina MERCOSUR Residence Argentina's MERCOSUR residence route is for citizens of eligible Mercosur and associated countries. It generally provides temporary residence for up to 3… residency Uruguay Uruguay MERCOSUR Residence Uruguay's MERCOSUR permanent residence route is for nationals of Mercosur member and associated states. It provides a direct nationality-based… residency Uruguay Uruguay MERCOSUR Temporary Residence Uruguay also maintains a temporary MERCOSUR residence route for nationals of Mercosur member and associated states. It is useful where the applicant is not… residency Peru Peru MERCOSUR Residence Peru's Mercosur residence option is a temporary residence category under international agreements. It is for eligible Mercosur nationals changing… residency Brazil Brazil MERCOSUR Residency Brazil's MERCOSUR residence route is for citizens of eligible Mercosur member and associated states. It generally requires a qualifying passport, identity… residency Colombia Colombia MERCOSUR Visa Colombia's Migrant - Mercosur visa is a nationality-based migrant visa category for eligible Mercosur nationals. It can provide a residence route without a… residency Paraguay Paraguay MERCOSUR Residence Paraguay's MERCOSUR temporary residence route lets citizens of countries subscribed to the Mercosur Residence Agreement live and work in Paraguay for a… residency Belize Belize Permanent Residence This residence pathway is for people who can qualify for a general long-term stay in Belize. It generally requires a lawful basis to remain, financial… residency