Citizeo
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Citizeo Reports

Browse dataset-backed reports built from Citizeo's normalized citizenship and residency data.

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Dataset report Citizenship by Descent: Countries With Grandparent and Beyond Eligibility Most citizenship-by-descent rules are parent-only. A grandparent may be emotionally important, but legally irrelevant unless the intervening parent was also a citizen at the right time. The… Dataset report Europe Reality Check: Popular Countries vs. Realistic Pathways Americans often start with a country name: Portugal, Spain, Ireland, Germany, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland. That is understandable, but it is the… Dataset report Italy Citizenship by Descent After the 2025 Changes For years, Italy was the iconic "no generational cap" citizenship-by-descent country. That changed in 2025. Decree-Law 36/2025, converted by Law 74/2025, introduced new limits for people… Dataset report Moving Abroad With a Family Moving abroad with children is a different decision than moving alone. A single adult can tolerate a temporary visa, a housing scramble, or a weak path to permanent residency. A family needs… Dataset report Portugal D7 vs D8 vs D2 Portugal is popular because it offers several plausible residence pathways rather than one narrow gate. That is also why applicants mix them up. The same person may like Portugal, have… Dataset report Spain Non-Lucrative Visa vs Digital Nomad Visa Spain has two pathways that often attract the same audience: Americans with money, flexibility, and a desire to live in Spain. The legal theory is completely different. One is a no-work… Dataset report Special Bilateral Mobility Agreements: When One Passport Opens a Neighboring Country Most immigration planning starts with a visa category: work, study, investment, family, retirement, or digital nomad. Special bilateral mobility agreements work differently. They attach… Dataset report The Best Countries for American Healthcare Workers American healthcare workers often look attractive on paper because many countries need clinicians. That does not mean the move is simple. Immigration approval and professional permission to… Dataset report The Best Countries for American Tech Workers For American tech workers, the immigration question is usually not "can any country use my skills?" It is "which country has a pathway that matches my exact profile: employee, founder,… Dataset report The Best Countries for Self-Employed Americans If you run your own business or freelance with portable income, you have more ways to move abroad than most people realize — and one of them, the Dutch-American Friendship Treaty, exists… Dataset report Can You Keep Your US Citizenship? Dual Citizenship Rules by Country The United States lets you hold a second citizenship — it does not ask you to give up your US passport when you naturalize elsewhere. So whether you can keep both comes down entirely to… Dataset report Digital Nomad Visas Ranked by Income Requirement You can qualify for a digital nomad visa with a stated income threshold as low as ~$815/month (Albania), a fraction of the €3,000+ that Western Europe often demands. This report ranks… Dataset report How Americans Can Get an EU Passport An EU passport lets you live, work, study, and retire in any of the 27 member states — and for Americans there are three realistic pathways to one: claim it through ancestry, invest for… Dataset report Most Digital Nomad Visas Are Dead Ends — Here Are the Ones That Lead to Residency Most digital nomad visas are designed to make you leave — only 8 of the 35 pathways we track count toward permanent residency. If your goal is to actually settle abroad, these are the… Dataset report Retirement Visas Ranked by the Income You Need You can retire abroad on a pension of about $1,000/month — Panama, Costa Rica, and Peru all set the bar there. This report ranks retirement and passive-income visas by the minimum monthly… Dataset report The Best Countries for Americans to Retire Abroad An American can retire abroad on a pension of about $1,000 a month — that's the income bar in Panama, Costa Rica, and Peru. This report ranks the most realistic retirement destinations for… Dataset report The Cheapest Citizenship by Investment Programs (Second Passports), Ranked A second passport can cost as little as $90,000 under Nauru's current temporary special-project contribution, or $115,000 under its standard single-applicant contribution. Vanuatu starts… Dataset report The Cheapest Golden Visas in 2026, Ranked The lowest-cost pathways to residency by investment are usually outside Western Europe: several Latin American programs start under $100,000, and Latvia has a low statutory… Dataset report The Cheapest Ways to Get EU Residency by Investment An EU residence permit, and a foothold toward an EU passport, can start below the better-known €250,000 golden-visa tier. Latvia's company-investment pathway is the lowest current… Dataset report The Fastest Countries to Get a Second Passport (2026) The fastest legitimate pathways to a second passport are direct citizenship-by-investment programs. Citizeo's normalized dataset shows a clear split: direct investment pathways are measured… Dataset report Where You Can Move Abroad Without a Job Offer The biggest barrier to working abroad is usually needing an employer to sponsor you first. But a surprising number of countries let skilled people immigrate on points, talent, or a… Dataset report Working Holiday Visas Americans Can Actually Get Working holiday visas let young people live and work abroad for a year or more, but Americans are shut out of most of them. The UK's well-known Youth Mobility Scheme, for example, doesn't…